How is central sleep apnea characterized?

Central sleep apnea is characterized by the simultaneous cessation of airflow and respiratory effort. In this condition, the brain fails to send appropriate signals to the muscles that control breathing, which results in temporary pauses in breathing. Unlike obstructive sleep apnea, where there is an effort to breathe but airflow is blocked, central sleep apnea does not involve any respiratory effort during these apneic events.

This distinction is important for proper diagnosis and treatment, as central and obstructive sleep apneas have different underlying mechanisms and may require different management strategies. The other options describe characteristics of obstructive events or normal respiratory patterns, which are not applicable to central sleep apnea. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for professionals working in sleep medicine and for effective patient care.